This document determines the fuel quality classes and specifications for solid biofuels of raw and processed materials originating from a) forestry and arboriculture; b) agriculture and horticulture; c) aquaculture. Chemically treated material may not include halogenated organic compounds or heavy metals at levels higher than those in typical virgin material values (see Annex B) or higher than typical values of the country of origin. NOTE Raw and processed material includes woody, herbaceous, fruit, aquatic biomass and biodegradable waste originating from above sectors.
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Sisällysluettelo
Foreword
Introduction
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Symbols and abbreviated terms
5 Principle
6 Classification of origin and sources of solid biofuels
6.1 General
6.2 Woody biomass
6.3 Herbaceous biomass
6.4 Fruit biomass
6.5 Aquatic biomass
6.6 Biomass blends and mixtures
7 Specification of solid biofuels based on traded forms and properties
7.1 Traded forms of solid biofuels
7.2 Specification of properties of solid biofuels
Annex A Illustrations of typical forms of wood fuels and examples of particles sizes for wood chips and hog fuel (informative)
Annex B Typical values of solid biomass fuels (informative)
Annex C Examples of possible causes for deviant levels for different properties and of consequences of handling and treatments for the properties of biomass (informative)
Annex D Calculation of the net calorific value at different bases and energy density as received (informative)
Annex E Comparison of moisture content as received and dry basis (informative)
6 Classification of origin and sources of solid biofuels
6.1 General
6.2 Woody biomass
6.3 Herbaceous biomass
6.4 Fruit biomass
6.5 Aquatic biomass
6.6 Biomass blends and mixtures
7 Specification of solid biofuels based on traded forms and properties
7.1 Traded forms of solid biofuels
7.2 Specification of properties of solid biofuels
Annex A Illustrations of typical forms of wood fuels and examples of particles sizes for wood chips and hog fuel (informative)
Annex B Typical values of solid biomass fuels (informative)
Annex C Examples of possible causes for deviant levels for different properties and of consequences of handling and treatments for the properties of biomass (informative)
Annex D Calculation of the net calorific value at different bases and energy density as received (informative)
Annex E Comparison of moisture content as received and dry basis (informative)
ISO 14780:2017 Solid biofuels — Sample preparation
ISO 16559:2014 Solid biofuels — Terminology, definitions and descriptions
ISO 16948:2015 Solid biofuels — Determination of total content of carbon, hydrogen and nitrogen
ISO 14780:2017 Solid biofuels — Sample preparation
ISO 16559:2014 Solid biofuels — Terminology, definitions and descriptions
ISO 16948:2015 Solid biofuels — Determination of total content of carbon, hydrogen and nitrogen
ISO 16967:2015 Solid biofuels — Determination of major elements — Al, Ca, Fe, Mg, P, K, Si, Na and Ti
ISO 16968:2015 Solid biofuels — Determination of minor elements
ISO 16993:2016 Solid biofuels — Conversion of analytical results from one basis to another
ISO 16994:2016 Solid biofuels — Determination of total content of sulfur and chlorine
ISO 17827-1:2016 Solid biofuels — Determination of particle size distribution for uncompressed fuels — Part 1: Oscillating screen method using sieves with apertures of 3,15 mm and above
ISO 17827-2:2016 Solid biofuels — Determination of particle size distribution for uncompressed fuels — Part 2: Vibrating screen method using sieves with aperture of 3,15 mm and below
ISO 17828:2015 Solid biofuels — Determination of bulk density
ISO 17829:2015 Solid Biofuels — Determination of length and diameter of pellets
ISO 17830:2016 Solid biofuels — Particle size distribution of disintegrated pellets
ISO 17831-1:2015 Solid biofuels — Determination of mechanical durability of pellets and briquettes — Part 1: Pellets
ISO 17831-2:2015 Solid biofuels — Determination of mechanical durability of pellets and briquettes — Part 2: Briquettes
ISO 18122:2015 Solid biofuels — Determination of ash content
ISO 18123:2015 Solid biofuels — Determination of the content of volatile matter
ISO 18125:2017 Solid biofuels — Determination of calorific value
ISO 18134-1:2015 Solid biofuels — Determination of moisture content — Oven dry method — Part 1: Total moisture — Reference method
ISO 18134-2:2017 Solid biofuels — Determination of moisture content — Oven dry method — Part 2: Total moisture — Simplified method
ISO 18135:2017 Solid Biofuels — Sampling
ISO 18846:2016 Solid biofuels — Determination of fines content in quantities of pellets
ISO 18847:2016 Solid biofuels — Determination of particle density of pellets and briquettes
ISO 21404:2020 Solid biofuels — Determination of ash melting behaviour
ISO 21945:2020 Solid biofuels — Simplified sampling method for small scale applications