Petroleum and natural gas industries. Completion fluids and materials. Part 5: Procedures for measuring the long-term conductivity of proppants (ISO 13503-5:2006)
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ISO 13503-5:2006 provides standard testing procedures for evaluating proppants used in hydraulic fracturing and gravel packing operations. ISO 13503-5:2006 provides a consistent methodology for testing performed on hydraulic fracturing and/or gravel packing proppants. The "proppants" mentioned henceforth in this part of ISO 13503-5:2006 refer to sand, ceramic media, resin-coated proppants, gravel packing media, and other materials used for hydraulic fracturing and gravel-packing operations. ISO 13503-5:2006 is not applicable for use in obtaining absolute values of proppant pack conductivities under downhole reservoir conditions.
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Sisällysluettelo
Foreword
Introduction
1 Scope
2 Normative reference
3 Terms and definitions
4 Abbreviations
5 Procedures for evaluating long-term proppant pack conductivity
5.1 Objective
5.2 Discussion
6 Reagents and materials
6.1 Test fluid
6.2 Sandstone
7 Long-term conductivity test apparatus
7.1 Test unit
7.2 Hydraulic load frame
7.3 Pack width measurement device(s)
7.4 Test fluid drive system
7.5 Differential pressure transducers
7.6 Back-pressure regulators
7.7 Balance
7.8 Oxygen removal
7.9 Temperature control
7.10 Silica saturation and monitoring
8 Equipment calibration
8.1 Pressure indicators and flow rates
8.2 Zero pack width measurement
8.3 Determination of cell width
8.4 Hydraulic load frame
9 Leak tests
9.1 Hydraulic load frame
9.2 Test fluid system
10 Procedure for loading the cells
10.1 Preparation of the test unit
10.2 Cell setup
11 Loading cell(s) in the press
12 Acquiring data
13 Calculation of permeability and conductivity
14 Data reporting
Annex A Conversion factors (informative)
Annex B Silica-saturation vessel setup (normative)