Acoustics. Determination of sound power levels and sound energy levels of noise sources using sound pressure. Engineering/survey methods for use in situ in a reverberant environment (ISO 3747:2010)
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ISO 3747:2010 specifies a method for determining the sound power level or sound energy level of a noise source by comparing measured sound pressure levels emitted by a noise source (machinery or equipment) mounted in situ in a reverberant environment, with those from a calibrated reference sound source. The sound power level (or, in the case of noise bursts or transient noise emission, the sound energy level) produced by the noise source, in frequency bands of width one octave, is calculated using those measurements. The sound power level or sound energy level with frequency A-weighting applied is calculated using the octave-band levels. The method specified in ISO 3747:2010 is suitable for all types of noise (steady, non-steady, fluctuating, isolated bursts of sound energy, etc.) defined in ISO 12001. The method is primarily applicable to sources which emit broad-band noise. It can, however, also be used for sources which emit narrow-band noise or discrete tones, although there is a possiblity that the measurement reproducibility is then degraded. The noise source under test can be a device, machine, component or sub-assembly, especially one which is non-movable. The test environment that is applicable for measurements made in accordance with ISO 3747:2010 is a room where the sound pressure level at the microphone positions depends mainly on reflections from the room surfaces. In measurements of ISO 12001:1996, accuracy grade 2 (engineering grade), background noise in the test environment is low compared to that of the noise source or reference sound source. Information is given on the uncertainty of the sound power levels and sound energy levels determined in accordance with ISO 3747:2010, for measurements made in octave bands and for A-weighted frequency calculations performed on them. The reproducibility conforms with that of either ISO 12001:1996, accuracy grade 2 (engineering grade) or ISO 12001:1996, accuracy grade 3 (survey grade), depending on the extent to which the requirements concerning the test environment are met.
Tämän julkaisun valmistelusta Suomessa vastaa Metalliteollisuuden Standardisointiyhdistys ry, puh. 09 19 231 (vaihde).
Sisällysluettelo
Foreword
Introduction
1 Scope
1.1 General
1.2 Types of noise and noise sources
1.3 Test environment
1.4 Measurement uncertainty
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Test environment
4.1 Criterion for acoustic adequacy of test environment
4.2 Criterion for background noise
5 Instrumentation and measurement equipment
5.1 General
5.2 Calibration
6 Location, installation and operation of noise source under test
6.1 Source location and installation
6.2 Auxiliary equipment
6.3 Operation of source during test
7 Measurement procedure
7.1 General
7.2 Characterization of noise source under test
7.3 Locations of the reference sound source
7.4 Microphone positions
7.5 Measurement of sound pressure levels for a noise source which emits steady or non-steady noise
7.6 Measurement of sound pressure levels for a noise source which emits impulsive noise
8 Calculation of sound power levels and sound energy levels
8.1 Corrections for background noise
8.2 Mean time-averaged sound pressure levels for a noise source which emits steady or non-steady noise
8.3 Sound power levels
8.4 Mean single event sound pressure level for a noise source which emits impulsive noise
8.5 Sound energy levels
8.6 A-weighted sound power level and A-weighted sound energy level
9 Measurement uncertainty
9.1 Methodology
9.2 Determination of σomc
9.3 Determination of σR0
9.4 Typical upper bound values of σR0
9.5 Total standard deviation, σtot, and expanded uncertainty, U
10 Information to be recorded
10.1 General
10.2 Noise source under test
10.3 Test environment
10.4 Instrumentation
10.5 Acoustic data
11 Test report
Annex A Evaluation of the excess of sound pressure level at a given distance (normative)
Annex B Recommendations for the location of the reference sound source and the microphones, if only one position is used for the reference sound source (informative)
Annex C Sound power level and sound energy level under reference meteorological conditions (normative)
Annex D Calculation of A-weighted sound power levels and A-weighted sound energy levels from octave-band levels (normative)
Annex E Guidance on the development of information on measurement uncertainty (informative)
4.1 Criterion for acoustic adequacy of test environment
4.2 Criterion for background noise
5 Instrumentation and measurement equipment
5.1 General
5.2 Calibration
6 Location, installation and operation of noise source under test
6.1 Source location and installation
6.2 Auxiliary equipment
6.3 Operation of source during test
7 Measurement procedure
7.1 General
7.2 Characterization of noise source under test
7.3 Locations of the reference sound source
7.4 Microphone positions
7.5 Measurement of sound pressure levels for a noise source which emits steady or non-steady noise
7.6 Measurement of sound pressure levels for a noise source which emits impulsive noise
8 Calculation of sound power levels and sound energy levels
8.1 Corrections for background noise
8.2 Mean time-averaged sound pressure levels for a noise source which emits steady or non-steady noise
8.3 Sound power levels
8.4 Mean single event sound pressure level for a noise source which emits impulsive noise
8.5 Sound energy levels
8.6 A-weighted sound power level and A-weighted sound energy level
9 Measurement uncertainty
9.1 Methodology
9.2 Determination of σomc
9.3 Determination of σR0
9.4 Typical upper bound values of σR0
9.5 Total standard deviation, σtot, and expanded uncertainty, U
10 Information to be recorded
10.1 General
10.2 Noise source under test
10.3 Test environment
10.4 Instrumentation
10.5 Acoustic data
11 Test report
Annex A Evaluation of the excess of sound pressure level at a given distance (normative)
Annex B Recommendations for the location of the reference sound source and the microphones, if only one position is used for the reference sound source (informative)
Annex C Sound power level and sound energy level under reference meteorological conditions (normative)
Annex D Calculation of A-weighted sound power levels and A-weighted sound energy levels from octave-band levels (normative)
Annex E Guidance on the development of information on measurement uncertainty (informative)
IEC 60942:2003
IEC 61260:1995
IEC 61672-1:2002
ISO 12001:1996 Acoustics -- Noise emitted by machinery and equipment -- Rules for the drafting and presentation of a noise test code
ISO 5725-1:1994 Accuracy (trueness and precision) of measurement methods and results -- Part 1: General principles and definitions
ISO 5725-1:1994/Cor 1:1998
ISO 5725-2:1994 Accuracy (trueness and precision) of measurement methods and results -- Part 2: Basic method for the determination of repeatability and reproducibility of a standard measurement method
ISO 5725-2:1994/Cor 1:2002
ISO 5725-3:1994 Accuracy (trueness and precision) of measurement methods and results -- Part 3: Intermediate measures of the precision of a standard measurement method
ISO 5725-3:1994/Cor 1:2001
ISO 5725-4:1994 Accuracy (trueness and precision) of measurement methods and results -- Part 4: Basic methods for the determination of the trueness of a standard measurement method
ISO 5725-5:1998 Accuracy (trueness and precision) of measurement methods and results -- Part 5: Alternative methods for the determination of the precision of a standard measurement method
ISO 5725-5:1998/Cor 1:2005
ISO 5725-6:1994 Accuracy (trueness and precision) of measurement methods and results -- Part 6: Use in practice of accuracy values
ISO 5725-6:1994/Cor 1:2001
ISO 6926:1999 Acoustics -- Requirements for the performance and calibration of reference sound sources used for the determination of sound power levels
ISO/IEC Guide 98-3:2008 Uncertainty of measurement -- Part 3: Guide to the expression of uncertainty in measurement (GUM:1995)