Non-destructive testing. Industrial computed radiography with storage phosphor imaging plates. Part 2: General principles for testing of metallic materials using X-rays and gamma rays (ISO 16371-2:2017, Corrected version 2018-05)
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ISO 16371-2:2017 specifies fundamental techniques of computed radiography with the aim of enabling satisfactory and repeatable results to be obtained economically. The techniques are based on the fundamental theory of the subject and tests measurements. ISO 16371-2:2017 specifies the general rules for industrial computed X-rays and gamma radiography for flaw detection purposes, using storage phosphor imaging plates (IP). It is based on the general principles for radiographic examination of metallic materials on the basis of films, as specified in ISO 5579. The basic set-up of radiation source, detector and the corresponding geometry are intended to be applied in accordance with ISO 5579 and corresponding product standards such as ISO 17636 for welding and EN 12681 for foundry. ISO 16371-2:2017 does not lay down acceptance criteria of the imperfections. Computed radiography (CR) systems provide a digital grey value image which can be viewed and evaluated on basis of a computer only. This practice describes the recommended procedure for detector selection and radiographic practice. Selection of computer, software, monitor, printer and viewing conditions are important but not the main focus of ISO 16371-2:2017. The procedure it specifies provides the minimum requirements and practice to permit the exposure and acquisition of digital radiographs with a sensitivity of imperfection detection equivalent to film radiography and as specified in ISO 5579. Some application standards, e.g. EN 16407, can require different and less stringent practice conditions.
Tämän julkaisun valmistelusta Suomessa vastaa Metalliteollisuuden Standardisointiyhdistys ry, puh. 09 19 231 (vaihde).
Sisällysluettelo
Foreword
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Symbols and abbreviated terms
5 Personnel qualification
6 Classification of computed radiographic techniques and compensation principles
6.1 Classification
6.2 Compensation principles, CP I and CP II
7 General
7.1 Protection against ionizing radiation
7.2 Surface preparation and stage of manufacture
7.3 Identification of radiographs
7.4 Marking
7.5 Overlap of phosphor imaging plates
7.6 Types and positions of image quality indicators and IQI values
8 Recommended techniques for making computed radiographs
8.1 Test arrangements
8.2 Choice of X-ray tube voltage and radiation source
8.3 CR systems and screens
8.4 Maximum unsharpness and basic spatial resolution for CR system selection
8.5 Alignment of beam
8.6 Reduction of scattered radiation
8.7 Source to object distance
8.8 Maximum area for a single exposure
8.9 Erasure of imaging plates
8.10 Data processing
9 Test report
Annex A Determination of basic spatial resolution, SR b detector (normative)
Annex B Determination of normalized SNRN from SNRmeasured (normative)
Annex C Determination of minimum grey value (normative)
EN 12543-1:1999 Non-destructive testing - Characteristics of focal spots in industrial X-ray systems for use in non-destructive testing - Part 1: Scanning method
EN 12543-2:2008 Non-destructive testing - Characteristics of focal spots in industrial X-ray systems for use in non-destructive testing - Part 2: Pinhole camera radiographic method
EN 12543-2:2021 Non-destructive testing - Characteristics of focal spots in industrial X-ray systems for use in non-destructive testing - Part 2: Pinhole camera radiographic method
EN 12543-1:1999 Non-destructive testing - Characteristics of focal spots in industrial X-ray systems for use in non-destructive testing - Part 1: Scanning method
EN 12543-2:2008 Non-destructive testing - Characteristics of focal spots in industrial X-ray systems for use in non-destructive testing - Part 2: Pinhole camera radiographic method
EN 12543-2:2021 Non-destructive testing - Characteristics of focal spots in industrial X-ray systems for use in non-destructive testing - Part 2: Pinhole camera radiographic method
EN 12543-3:1999 Non-destructive testing - Characteristics of focal spots in industrial X-ray systems for use in non-destructive testing - Part 3: Slit camera radiographic method
EN 12543-4:1999 Non-destructive testing - Characteristics of focal spots in industrial X-ray systems for use in non-destructive testing - Part 4: Edge method
EN 12543-5:1999 Non-destructive testing - Characteristics of focal spots in industrial X-ray systems for use in non-destructive testing - Part 5: Measurement of the effective focal spot size of mini and micro focus X-ray tubes
EN 12679:2018 Non-destructive testing - Radiographic testing - Determination of the size of industrial radiographic gamma sources
ISO 16371-1:2011 Non-destructive testing -- Industrial computed radiography with storage phosphor imaging plates -- Part 1: Classification of systems
ISO 19232-1:2013 Non-destructive testing -- Image quality of radiographs -- Part 1: Determination of the image quality value using wire-type image quality indicators
ISO 19232-2:2013 Non-destructive testing -- Image quality of radiographs -- Part 2: Determination of the image quality value using step/hole-type image quality indicators
ISO 19232-3:2013 Non-destructive testing -- Image quality of radiographs -- Part 3: Image quality classes
ISO 19232-5:2013 Non-destructive testing -- Image quality of radiographs -- Part 5: Determination of the image unsharpness value using duplex wire-type image quality indicators
ISO 5579:2013 Non-destructive testing -- Radiographic testing of metallic materials using film and X- or gamma rays -- Basic rules
ISO 5580:1985 Non-destructive testing -- Industrial radiographic illuminators -- Minimum requirements
ISO 9712:2012 Non-destructive testing -- Qualification and certification of NDT personnel