The present document specifies a method for direct extraction of DNA from soil samples to analyse the abundance and composition of microbial communities by various techniques of molecular biology including real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR). This method is mainly dedicated to agricultural and forest soils. This method can possibly not be suitable for soils rich in organic matter (e.g. peat soils) or soils heavily polluted with organic pollutants or heavy metals. The direct extraction of DNA from soil samples provides unique insight into the a- and ß-diversity of microbial communities. Next-generation sequencing of amplicons obtained by PCR (polymerase chain reaction) amplification of soil DNA constitutes a promising domain which will in the near future contribute to the development of routine tools to monitor microbial communities in soil environments.
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Foreword
Introduction
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Principle
5 Test materials
5.1 Soil
5.2 Chemicals
5.3 Buffers and reagents
6 Apparatus
7 Procedures
7.1 Preparation of soil samples
7.2 Mechanical and chemical lyses
7.3 Protein precipitation
7.4 Nucleic acid precipitation and washing
7.5 Nucleic acid storage
8 Estimation of soil DNA quality and quantity
8.1 Soil DNA quality and purity
8.2 Soil DNA quantity
9 Validation of the extraction procedure
10 Test report
Annex A Differences between ISO 11063:2012 and the revised document for direct extraction of DNA from soil samples (informative)
Annex B Possible methods to purify soil DNA extracts (informative)
ISO/DIS 18400-206:2017 Soil quality -- Sampling -- Part 206: Collection, handling and storage of soil under aerobic conditions for the assessment of microbiological processes, biomass and diversity in the laboratory
ISO/DIS 18400-206:2017 Soil quality -- Sampling -- Part 206: Collection, handling and storage of soil under aerobic conditions for the assessment of microbiological processes, biomass and diversity in the laboratory